April 23, 2024 Edition

Pre-teens who slept less than nine hours daily had differences in brain structure and more problems with mood and thinking compared to those who got sufficient sleep.

Racial segregation and lead exposure amplified each other’s detrimental effects on reading scores in children.

An experimental system used laser light and ultrasound to measure changes in oxygen levels in the placenta.

A single low dose of an experimental monoclonal antibody safely and effectively prevented malaria infection in a small clinical trial.

Researchers designed a new type of drug that causes lethal DNA damage in a type of brain cancer called glioblastoma, but not in normal cells.

Researchers used CRISPR tools to identify genes controlling cells in the brain called microglia, which are involved in Alzheimer’s disease and other brain disorders.

Scientists created a wearable ultrasound device—about the size of a postage stamp—that can continuously image inside the body for at least two days.

An experimental vaccine produced an immune response to a range of different coronaviruses in mice and monkeys, including SARS-CoV-2.

Researchers restored cellular function in a pig’s organs more than an hour after its heart stopped.

Scientists used mice to identify brain circuits through which sound can blunt pain.

A system that combined advanced sample preparation with powerful computer analysis was able to identify individual SARS-CoV-2 variants in wastewater.

Researchers developed a method, based on word recognition, to estimate a loss of nerve functioning in the inner ear that can cause hearing problems.

Young adolescents who experienced cyberbullying had an increased risk of suicidal thoughts or attempts.

Researchers identified patterns in the aging rates and longevity of reptiles and amphibians that suggest how these traits evolved.

Researchers found that a molecule produced during exercise by various mammals, including people, reduces food consumption and obesity in mice.

Researchers identified a group of neurons in mice that trigger sickness symptoms, such as fever and loss of appetite, in response to infections.

Prolonged inflammation after SARS-CoV-2 infections caused permanent damage to lungs and kidneys, affected the brain, and correlated with behavioral changes in hamsters, suggesting a mechanism for the symptoms of Long COVID in people.

In several patients, treatment of bacterial lung infections with viruses called phages eliminated the infection.

Replacing a component of a dietary supplement for treating age-related macular degeneration improved its safety and efficacy over a 10-year period.

A combination of anti-HIV antibodies suppressed the virus for several months without the need for daily antiretroviral therapy.

After people were incidentally exposed to new objects, they learned to categorize them faster when explicitly taught to recognize them later.

Scientists found that human and animal odors evoke activity in different areas of the mosquito brain.

Autistic traits in older siblings correlated with changes to visual processing areas in the brains of younger siblings who later developed autism spectrum disorder.

In studies of mice, immune cells called T cells protected animals against COVID-19 even in the absence of antibodies targeting the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Higher blood levels of some antioxidants, but not others, were associated with a reduced risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease or other dementias.

Different dietary fiber supplements were associated with different health benefits, such as decreased cholesterol and increased numbers of beneficial bacteria.

Researchers identified a signaling pathway in the spine that’s needed for the nervous system to process the sensation of pleasant touch.