Tobacco Use Cessation in Children and Adolescents: Primary Care Interventions

1. Larger, adequately powered studies of new behavioral counseling interventions for cessation. These studies should report tobacco cessation outcomes at 6 months or later and should also provide information on components of the behavioral counseling intervention provided in the study (such as intensity of delivery, frequency of contacts, content and type of counseling or materials provided, delivery setting of studies, and training of persons delivering the intervention).
2. Benefits and harms of medications to help youth with tobacco cessation.
3. Interventions tailored specifically to prevent initiation of use and promote cessation of e-cigarette use in youth.
4. Interventions tailored specifically to prevent initiation of use and promote cessation of other types of tobacco (such as, but not limited to, cigars and smokeless tobacco).
5. Interventions tailored to subpopulations with elevated tobacco use rates (such as African American youth, Native American/Alaska Native youth, LGBTQ youth, and youth with mental illness).

The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of primary care-feasible interventions for the cessation of tobacco use among school-aged children and adolescents.

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